Use Division to Find an Unknown Factor

Supplied materials

• Paper and a pencil; drawing and spoken explanations are welcome. An adult may read directions and options aloud.
• Supplied worked-case record: Solve 8×□=56.
• All quantities and shape descriptions are supplied in the worked example and questions; no purchase or personal information is needed.

Learn the idea

A multiplication equation can state the total while leaving a factor unknown. Think of which factor multiplied by the known factor makes the product. Division expresses that same search. Check by substitution rather than accepting a quotient without its relationship to the original equation.

Read the known product and factor. Divide product by factor to find the unknown, then substitute into the multiplication equation. Explain whether the unknown represents group count or group size in the supplied setting.

Use the known multiplication–division fact family. A missing factor is not found by subtracting the known factor. Draw a bar split into equal known-factor groups until the product is reached.

1. Draw a bar split into equal known-factor groups until the product is reached.
2. Follow the worked example. Point to each number or shape feature and say what it tells you.
3. Read the known product and factor.
4. Try the question and then the three practice questions. Check your answers and explain any change you make.

Check your reasoning

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Take it further

Solve □×9=63. Expected: seven.

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