Separate Stated Evidence from a Guess
A final reading check distinguishes what a short text actually states from what a reader imagines.
About 25 minutes, plus any extended practice
Supplied materials
- Paper or a browser scratch area; no audio recording, account or private information is needed.
- Original evidence text: “Ana llegó a las tres de la tarde. Luis llegó a las cuatro de la tarde el mismo día.” Glosses: llegó=arrived; de la tarde=in the afternoon; el mismo día=the same day; mesas=tables; sillas=chairs; fue=went; empieza=starts; libros=books; cerrada=closed; ahora=now; ayer=yesterday; escribí=wrote; notas=notes; reunión=meeting. Which offered claim is actually supported without adding unstated information? Candidate answers: (A) Ana arrived earlier. (B) Ana was happier than Luis. (C) Both arrived at the same time. (D) Luis arrived earlier.
- Original evidence text: “La sala tiene dos mesas y cuatro sillas.” Glosses: llegó=arrived; de la tarde=in the afternoon; el mismo día=the same day; mesas=tables; sillas=chairs; fue=went; empieza=starts; libros=books; cerrada=closed; ahora=now; ayer=yesterday; escribí=wrote; notas=notes; reunión=meeting. Which offered claim is actually supported without adding unstated information? Candidate answers: (A) Four chairs are stated. (B) The chairs are new. (C) The room is full of people. (D) Two chairs are stated.
Learn the idea
A useful final practice combines grammar with evidence from a short supplied situation. Preserve facts, constraints and communication purpose; a polished sentence is insufficient if it changes the record or invents information. A final reading check distinguishes what a short text actually states from what a reader imagines. Time, quantity, negation and verb meaning can support a precise conclusion while leaving motives, satisfaction or outside outcomes unknown.
Underline the printed words needed for the offered claim. Match each quantity to its noun and each time cue to its event. Ask whether the conclusion adds a feeling, permanence, attendance or response not contained in the record.
A plausible inference is not automatically explicit evidence. These tasks deliberately limit the available text so unsupported conclusions can be identified. Completion demonstrates this bounded reading decision, not broad fluency or real-world institutional outcomes.
- Copy the supplied example and underline its speaker, noun, time cue or evidence words.
- Apply the shown language rule; keep any required ending, accent or paired punctuation.
- Solve the changed independent check, then explain why one offered alternative fails.
- Complete all three new practice cases and use the model to correct the precise word or meaning.
See the method in action
Supplied case: Original evidence text: “Ana llegó a las tres de la tarde. Luis llegó a las cuatro de la tarde el mismo día.” Glosses: llegó=arrived; de la tarde=in the afternoon; el mismo día=the same day; mesas=tables; sillas=chairs; fue=went; empieza=starts; libros=books; cerrada=closed; ahora=now; ayer=yesterday; escribí=wrote; notas=notes; reunión=meeting. Which offered claim is actually supported without adding unstated information? Candidate answers: (A) Ana arrived earlier. (B) Ana was happier than Luis. (C) Both arrived at the same time. (D) Luis arrived earlier. Solution: The supplied same-day afternoon times order three before four; no feeling is stated. The rejected claims add or alter facts beyond the supplied words. Final result: Ana arrived earlier. A plausible inference is not automatically explicit evidence. These tasks deliberately limit the available text so unsupported conclusions can be identified. Completion demonstrates this bounded reading decision, not broad fluency or real-world institutional outcomes.
Check your reasoning
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Helpful tips
- Underline the printed words needed for the offered claim.
- A plausible inference is not automatically explicit evidence.
See the answer and explanation
Four chairs are stated.
Cuatro directly modifies sillas; the text does not describe attendance or chair condition. The rejected claims add or alter facts beyond the supplied words.
Take it further
Original evidence text: “Hay una reunión el viernes.” Glosses: llegó=arrived; de la tarde=in the afternoon; el mismo día=the same day; mesas=tables; sillas=chairs; fue=went; empieza=starts; libros=books; cerrada=closed; ahora=now; ayer=yesterday; escribí=wrote; notas=notes; reunión=meeting. Which offered claim is actually supported without adding unstated information? Candidate answers: (A) A Friday meeting is stated. (B) Every invited person will attend. (C) The meeting already succeeded. (D) The meeting happens every day. Expected result: A Friday meeting is stated. Hay and el viernes announce the supplied meeting; attendance and success require additional evidence. The rejected claims add or alter facts beyond the supplied words.
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More practice: try new cases
Choose an answer for each problem. Explain your method on paper, then use the feedback to decide what to revisit.
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Check the subject sources
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