Grade 12 · lesson 1 of 4

Declare a Simulation’s Rules before Running It

Identify the initial state,event rule and boundary before tracing outputs.

About 22 minutes, plus any extended practice

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Supplied materials

  • Paper and pencil; answers may also be spoken or typed.
  • All cases, labels, numbers and rules are supplied on this page. No real account, private information or purchase is needed.

Learn the idea

A simulation follows rules to model a system. Its output depends on initial state,event order and update rules. A paper queue model can explain a workflow without claiming to reproduce every real service. State all rules before interpreting the result, including how simultaneous events are ordered.

Identify the initial state,event rule and boundary before tracing outputs. A result is uninterpretable when essential update rules are missing.

Use this supplied case: Queue starts with two waiting tasks. Which model element is described? The task is to connect the given information to the computing idea. Write a short evidence trail so another learner can reproduce your choice. The simplified case describes the stated model, not every real system.

  1. Represent the supplied worked case with a labeled drawing, table or short trace.
  2. Identify the initial state,event rule and boundary before tracing outputs.
  3. Explain why the worked answer fits and why one alternative does not.
  4. Try the new check and practice cases; revisit the stated rule if your evidence does not match.
Worked example

See the method in action

Queue starts with two waiting tasks. Which model element is described? The supported answer is Initial state. Identify the initial state, event rule and boundary before tracing outputs. A result is uninterpretable when essential update rules are missing. A simulation follows rules to model a system. The supplied facts, rather than an assumed real-world detail, determine this paper case. Compare the recorded action or value with the stated rule before choosing an answer.

Your turn

Check your reasoning

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Helpful tips
  • Identify the initial state,event rule and boundary before tracing outputs.
  • A result is uninterpretable when essential update rules are missing.
Arrivals are handled before service each tick. Which model element is described?

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See the answer and explanation

Event order

The supplied case states: Arrivals are handled before service each tick. Which model element is described? Under the stated distinction, this identifies Event order. A simulation follows rules to model a system. Its output depends on initial state,event order and update rules. A paper queue model can explain a workflow without claiming to reproduce every real service. State all rules before interpreting the result, including how simultaneous events are ordered. Identify the initial state,event rule and boundary before tracing outputs.

Take it further

New model starts queue 3; each tick arrivals first then service 2; all tasks identical. Criteria: state event order, capacity and limits before interpreting any outcome.

Nothing here is saved to an account or sent to a teacher. The answer download includes your current choice and any checked feedback. It does not include choices from the separate More practice section. Download that section separately.

More practice: try new cases

Choose an answer for each problem. Explain your method on paper, then use the feedback to decide what to revisit.

More practice: try new cases
1. Serve at most one queued task per tick. Which model element is described?
Need a hint?
  • Identify the initial state,event rule and boundary before tracing outputs.
  • A result is uninterpretable when essential update rules are missing.
2. Model ignores varying task duration. Which model element is described?
Need a hint?
  • Identify the initial state,event rule and boundary before tracing outputs.
  • A result is uninterpretable when essential update rules are missing.
3. Counter begins at 0. Which model element is described?
Need a hint?
  • Identify the initial state,event rule and boundary before tracing outputs.
  • A result is uninterpretable when essential update rules are missing.

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