Grade 6 · lesson 1 of 4

Read an Exponent as Repeated Multiplication

Identify base and exponent, expand to repeated factors, then multiply.

About 20 minutes, plus any extended practice

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Supplied materials

  • Paper and a pencil; drawing and spoken explanations are welcome. An adult may read directions and options aloud.
  • Supplied worked-case record: For 4³, write 4×4×4=64.
  • All quantities and shape descriptions are supplied in the worked example and questions; no purchase or personal information is needed.

Learn the idea

A whole-number exponent tells how many equal factors are multiplied. It does not tell you to multiply the base by the exponent. For positive exponents in this lesson, write all factors before calculating. Parentheses determine what counts as the base when an expression contains a grouped quantity.

Identify base and exponent, expand to repeated factors, then multiply. Apply exponentiation before later addition or multiplication when the expression has no special grouping. Check the expanded product against the original exponent notation.

Write out the repeated factors before calculating. Base times exponent is not exponentiation. Mark the base and exponent, then draw one factor box for each exponent count.

  1. Mark the base and exponent, then draw one factor box for each exponent count.
  2. Work through the supplied example and label what each number or attribute represents.
  3. Identify base and exponent, expand to repeated factors, then multiply.
  4. Answer the check, then try the three changed-input practice questions and explain one correction.
Worked example

See the method in action

For 4³, write 4×4×4=64. Multiplying 4×3 gives twelve, which is not the same operation. In 2×3²+1, calculate 3²=9 first, then 2×9+1=19. The exponent attaches only to its base three. Write out the repeated factors before calculating. Base times exponent is not exponentiation. Mark the base and exponent, then draw one factor box for each exponent count.

Your turn

Check your reasoning

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Helpful tips
  • Write out the repeated factors before calculating.
  • Base times exponent is not exponentiation.
Evaluate 2 to the power 2.

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See the answer and explanation

4

Use the exponent as a count of repeated equal factors. The result is 4.

Take it further

Evaluate 5² and 2⁴. Expected: 25 and 16.

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More practice: try new cases

Choose an answer for each problem. Explain your method on paper, then use the feedback to decide what to revisit.

More practice: try new cases
1. Evaluate 3 to the power 2.
Need a hint?
  • Write out the repeated factors before calculating.
  • Base times exponent is not exponentiation.
2. Evaluate 4 to the power 2.
Need a hint?
  • Write out the repeated factors before calculating.
  • Base times exponent is not exponentiation.
3. Evaluate 2 to the power 3.
Need a hint?
  • Write out the repeated factors before calculating.
  • Base times exponent is not exponentiation.

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