Report Coverage before a Summary
Add known values and report known/missing counts separately.
About 18 minutes, plus any extended practice
Supplied materials
- Paper and pencil; answers may also be spoken or typed.
- All cases, labels, numbers and rules are supplied on this page. No real account, private information or purchase is needed.
Learn the idea
Missing values affect what a summary can claim. A known subtotal describes only recorded quantities. Reporting the number of known and missing entries helps a reader judge coverage. Our model knows which records are missing and does not estimate their values.
Add known values and report known/missing counts separately. Do not present the known subtotal as the complete total.
Use this supplied case: Records contain counts 3,4,unknown. What is the known subtotal (not the complete total)? The task is to connect the given information to the computing idea. Write a short evidence trail so another learner can reproduce your choice. The simplified case describes the stated model, not every real system.
- Represent the supplied worked case with a labeled drawing, table or short trace.
- Add known values and report known/missing counts separately.
- Explain why the worked answer fits and why one alternative does not.
- Try the new check and practice cases; revisit the stated rule if your evidence does not match.
See the method in action
Records contain counts 3, 4, unknown. What is the known subtotal (not the complete total)? The supported answer is 7 known items. Applying the stated rule gives 7 known items. Add known values and report known/missing counts separately. Do not present the known subtotal as the complete total. Missing values affect what a summary can claim. Calculation: (3+4) = 7.
Check your reasoning
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Helpful tips
- Add known values and report known/missing counts separately.
- Do not present the known subtotal as the complete total.
See the answer and explanation
7 known items
Using the supplied inputs: (5+2) = 7. Add known values and report known/missing counts separately. Do not present the known subtotal as the complete total.
Take it further
Known counts 4, 8 and unknown. Expected known subtotal 12 across two known records; the complete three-record total is unknown.
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More practice: try new cases
Choose an answer for each problem. Explain your method on paper, then use the feedback to decide what to revisit.
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Check the subject sources
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