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Course Library · Lesson 4 of 6
Money · Guided lesson

Compare benefits without double counting

About 11 minutes · 3 reading + 8 practice and checks
Time includes reading, practice, and questions. Extra videos or further study are optional.
See this course’s project requirements

A financial appraisal of a fictional community investment with counterfactual, incremental costs, discounted values, distribution and sensitivity.

Keep your working files in your own notebook or software. Save a private description, checklist, and work link in My Proof.

What to include

  • A baseline/project comparison with incremental service and scope.
  • An incremental resource-cost and transfer-incidence table.
  • A dated present-value worksheet with real/nominal consistency.
  • A deduplicated benefit inventory with valuation limits.
  • A base/low net-value table and distribution note.
  • A completed fictional public-spending financial appraisal.

Review and revise

Use these criteria to check your work and choose what to improve.

  • All supplied records reconcile and the decision uses the named case rules.
  • Calculations show units, intermediate values and a second check.
  • Changed-input practice revises the affected result and identifies uncertainty.
  • The final project combines six lesson records, separates fictional assumptions from current rules, and states a supported next step.
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Before you begin

The idea in everyday life

This is an original fictional practice case. No account, payment, personal record or outside participation is required. Supplied evaluation values the same saved staff hour at $30. A draft also calls it $30 productivity benefit; they refer to the identical hour. Extra access benefit is not monetized.

The idea

Two labels can describe the same underlying change; monetary estimates and unpriced outcomes should remain distinct.

Follow along

Compare benefits without double counting — worked practice

Two labels can describe the same underlying change; monetary estimates and unpriced outcomes should remain distinct.

Use paper or a local table; label all amounts as fictional USD unless the case names another unit. Supplied evaluation values the same saved staff hour at $30. A draft also calls it $30 productivity benefit; they refer to the identical hour. Extra access benefit is not monetized.

Double-counting check

Paste at A1.

AClaimBUSDCUnderlying eventDTreatment
Saved staff time30One saved hourCount once
Productivity gain30Same saved hourDuplicate, exclude
Extra accessNot monetizedSeparate access outcomeDescribe separately

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  1. 1. Step 1: Link claimed benefits to their underlying change

    Link claimed benefits to their underlying change.

    You should see: Both $30 labels identify one saved staff hour.

    Two labels can describe the same underlying change; monetary estimates and unpriced outcomes should remain distinct.

  2. 2. Step 2: Remove the duplicate count

    Remove the duplicate count.

    You should see: Monetized subtotal remains $30, not $60.

    Keep this intermediate result so the final decision can be checked.

  3. 3. Step 3: Record unpriced access separately

    Record unpriced access separately.

    You should see: Access improvement is described, not assigned an invented dollar value.

    Keep this intermediate result so the final decision can be checked.

  4. 4. Step 4: Write a scoped benefit inventory

    Write a scoped benefit inventory.

    You should see: One supported monetary component plus a nonmonetized outcome and its evidence question.

    Keep this intermediate result so the final decision can be checked.

Now change one thing

Two separate saved hours at $30 each are supported. Monetary subtotal?

Your work

What to finish

A deduplicated benefit inventory with valuation limits.

Common mistake

Watch for this

Counting the same saved hour under two appealing outcome names.

How can I tell I understand it?

Audit benefit labels for overlap and distinguish priced from unpriced outcomes on the supplied changed case while preserving the stated rule and checking the final record.

Try 3 questions

Quick knowledge check

Answer all 3 questions. Get at least 2 right and the lesson completes automatically.

Not yet passed

You’ll get an explanation for each answer. Signed in? Your results save to your account.

1One saved $40 hour is labeled both time saving and productivity. Nonduplicated subtotal?
2A meaningful accessibility outcome has no supplied monetary valuation. Best treatment?
3Two benefit estimates overlap partly but the overlap is unknown. What should be done?
0 of 3 answeredApply the lesson to a short question, then review the explanation.
4
Finish this lesson

Pass the check. We’ll save the progress.

Answer all 3 questions above and get at least 2 right. You can review the explanations and try again.

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Sources and further reading

Explore the references behind this lesson.

EPA — Guidelines for Preparing Economic Analyses, 3rd Edition
Source & access notes · checked 2026-10-01

Official page opened/read during Money expansion authoring; checked the relevant concept and access state. These sources do not establish funding eligibility.

Access: Readable official webpage inspected with the web reader on 2026-10-01. No interactive-tool operation is claimed.

Reuse: Original fictional practice, questions and calculations; paraphrased concepts with a source link. No source exercise copied.

EPA — Economic and Cost Analysis for Air Pollution Regulations
Source & access notes · checked 2026-10-01

Official page opened/read during Money expansion authoring; checked the relevant concept and access state. These sources do not establish funding eligibility.

Access: Readable official webpage inspected with the web reader on 2026-10-01. No interactive-tool operation is claimed.

Reuse: Original fictional practice, questions and calculations; paraphrased concepts with a source link. No source exercise copied.

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