The Life Starter
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Course Library · Lesson 2 of 6
Money · Guided lesson

Forecast seasonal sales

About 16 minutes · 4 reading + 12 practice and checks
Time includes reading, practice, and questions. Extra videos or further study are optional.
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A fictional twelve-month accrual income forecast with demand/capacity drivers, cost behavior, seasonality, sensitivity and revision log.

Keep your working files in your own notebook or software. Save a private description, checklist, and work link in My Proof.

What to include

  • A feasible-unit and earned-revenue driver ledger.
  • A twelve-month seasonal sales and capacity reconciliation.
  • A cost-behavior and monthly profit bridge.
  • A checked twelve-month income statement with annual bridge.
  • A linked price/demand/cost sensitivity with twelve changed rows.
  • An actual-versus-static/flexible profit bridge and revision log.

Review and revise

Use these criteria to check your work and choose what to improve.

  • Drivers: demand/capacity/price/cost assumptions are explicit.
  • Aggregation: all 12 monthly rows reconcile annual profit.
  • Scenarios: linked changes update rounding/capacity consistently.
  • Evidence: actual/flexible/static bridges and historical revisions remain separate.
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Before you begin

The idea in everyday life

Original fictional practice. All money is USD. No account, payment, personal record or outside participation is required. Original fictional service firm: monthly demand Jan.. Dec=80,90,100,110,120,130,140,150,160,170,180,190. Capacity 150 units/month; units=min(demand, capacity), no inventory/backlog. Each delivered unit earns 40 revenue and 22 variable cost; fixed operating expense 1,800/month and noncash depreciation 100/month. No interest, tax or owner withdrawal modeled. Revenue is earned on delivery, not payment arrival. January actual:90 units, price 38, variable cost 23/unit, fixed 1,800, depreciation 100. Linked price scenario: price 44, demand falls 10% rounded down to whole units, capacity 150; other costs initially fixed.

The idea

Seasonality changes monthly drivers; it does not remove physical capacity.

Follow along

Forecast seasonal sales — complete worked case

Seasonality changes monthly drivers; it does not remove physical capacity.

Original fictional service firm: monthly demand Jan.. Dec=80,90,100,110,120,130,140,150,160,170,180,190. Capacity 150 units/month; units=min(demand, capacity), no inventory/backlog. Each delivered unit earns 40 revenue and 22 variable cost; fixed operating expense 1,800/month and noncash depreciation 100/month. No interest, tax or owner withdrawal modeled. Revenue is earned on delivery, not payment arrival. January actual:90 units, price 38, variable cost 23/unit, fixed 1,800, depreciation 100. Linked price scenario: price 44, demand falls 10% rounded down to whole units, capacity 150; other costs initially fixed.

Complete monthly drivers

Paste at A1.

AMonthBDemandCCapacityDUnitsERevenueFVariable costGFixed+depreciationHProfit
18015080320017601900-460
29015090360019801900-280
3100150100400022001900-100
411015011044002420190080
5120150120480026401900260
6130150130520028601900440
7140150140560030801900620
8150150150600033001900800
9160150150600033001900800
10170150150600033001900800
11180150150600033001900800
12190150150600033001900800

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  1. 1. 2.1 Forecast

    List all 12 demands and apply capacity month by month.

    You should see: Full inventory of twelve rows.

  2. 2. 2.2 Forecast

    Add uncappeddemand and feasible units totals separately.

    You should see: 1,620 versus 1,520.

  3. 3. 2.3 Forecast

    Reconcile 100 lost units from Sep.. Dec, then multiply feasible 1,520 by 40.

    You should see: Annual 60,800.

  4. 4. 2.4 Forecast

    Change capacity to 160 and repeat monthly minimum rule.

    You should see: Feasible 1,560, demand loss 60, annual 62,400.

Now change one thing

Use the original monthly demands 80, 90, …, 190, but increase monthly capacity to 170. Enter total annual served units.

Your work

What to finish

A twelve-month seasonal sales and capacity reconciliation.

Common mistake

Watch for this

Using annual average capacity to pretend peak demand can be served in quiet months.

How can I tell I understand it?

Verify that your completed twelve-month seasonal sales and capacity reconciliation meets the three lesson-specific checks and retains the supporting original records.

Try 3 questions

Quick knowledge check

Answer all 3 questions. Get at least 2 right and the lesson completes automatically.

Not yet passed

You’ll get an explanation for each answer. Signed in? Your results save to your account.

1What is original annual feasible unit total?
2Why does average annual demand 135 not prove service feasibility?
3Which months lose units at 150 capacity?
0 of 3 answeredApply the lesson to a short question, then review the explanation.
2
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Pass the check. We’ll save the progress.

Answer all 3 questions above and get at least 2 right. You can review the explanations and try again.

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Sources and further reading

Explore the references behind this lesson.

Open Stax: Operating budgets
Source & access notes · checked 2026-10-01

Read revenue/activity and variable/fixed operating budgets, noncash expense and income-statement assembly; all monthly driver values are original.

Access: Public primary page body opened and relevant sections read through the web reader on 2026-10-01; no account required for reading.

Reuse: Original Life Starter cases, datasets and questions; no source exercise or worked dataset reproduced. Links support further reading.

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